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Nephrite Jade Han
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Some facts and folklore about Jade:
- What is commonly referred to as Jade is actually two different stones, Nephrite and Jadeite. The difference between the two is in minor chemical composition. Both stones are so similar that only gemologists and mineralogists usually differentiate between them.
- Pure Jade is white in color. Minor impurities create the familiar green but also the colors yellow, pink, red, violet, orange, brown and blue-green.
- Although the stone is mostly used for jewelry and decorative items today, in ancient times the toughness and hardness of it made it useful for making tools and weapons. While diamonds and rubies are harder, they are more brittle than Jade. Some say that high quality Jade is harder and tougher than steel.
- The stone was found in the mountains and river beds of ancient China, and was called The Stone of Heaven. Archaeologists have found objects made of Jade that date back to 5,000 B.C.E. It symbolized the noble bearing of a gentlemen, and served as a talisman for protection. The stone was a treasured gift, and the ancient Chinese also thought of it as a link between the physical and the spiritual world. Ancient Chinese Emperors would use Jade disks in rituals to speak to the gods.
- The stone was not only used in ancient China for tools and weapons, but in Europe as well. As other materials were developed for tool and weapon making, Jade fell out of use in ancient Europe and was abandoned. Other materials for tools and weapons were also found in China, but the Chinese did not abandon the stone. They used it to make objects for ornamental and ritualistic purposes.
- The working of Jade was already highly developed during the Shang Dynasty in China, 1751 B.C.E. - 1111 B.C.E.
- Jade is currently found and mined in the following locations: The mountains of western China, Poland, Burma, The Alps in Italy, India, Switzerland, Alaska, and Russia.
- One school of thought concerning the origin of the word Jade says that when the Spanish Conquistadors came to South America they saw the stone being worn on the loincloths of the natives, and called it piedra de hijada, which means the stone of the loin, but there is much conjecture about this word origin.
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What is agate and the physical value
The English name agate Agate, from the Latin word in Greek. Agate is a quartz variety, is made of silicon dioxide deposited a cryptocrystalline quartz. Profile can be seen from the cut by a gray, white, red, green, light brown, light blue and other colors of the concentric circles of different shaped, corrugated, laminated or parallel stripes. Popular with "thousands of agate of thousands of Jade," said. Gem industry will be one layer and irregular pattern with concentric bands wrapping structure aphanitic quartz block called agate.
Onyx has a fat or wax-like luster, translucent, conchoidal fracture. Hardness of 7-7.5, texture hard wear, it is varied, striped agate, moss agate, agate water tank, cut child agate. Agate is widely distributed in nature, texture and tough, beautiful color, text decoration of beautiful jade.
Extensive use of agate. It can be used as medicine, precious stones, jade, china jewelry supplier, arts and crafts materials, grinding tools, instrument bearings. Chinese medicine believes that non-toxic agate spicy cold in nature, can be used to focus subjects students Zhang Yi who points with agate into powder, very good effect. Medicinal agate debris, is the remaining polishing precious stones. Agate is the familiar one of the first gem material, the ancient world have long been regarded as rare treasures. It is said that it can bring pleasure to the wearer and confidence, and was given God's mercy, but also to ensure their success and power. Egypt, Mesopotamia region of the first residents of the United States Liberia sand, seem to use Onyx to do the first token, rings, beads, stamps and other gems of art, they used an ax made of agate handicrafts, now stored in New York National Museum of History in. The most unusual agate products, there are two sub-glass handle, capacity more than a pint. The appearance of glass intricately carved with God Backus sprinkling pattern. According to historical records, the cup is made for the Roman emperor Nero, who later owned and preserved through many, eventually became King of France, crowned with a wine glass at the French people think that the history of this cup is one of the most valuable souvenirs.
Agate mainly in volcanic cracks and holes, also produced in the sedimentary rock layers. World's most famous place of origin are India, Brazil and other places. China Agate origin distribution is very broad, almost all the provinces, mainly in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Hubei and other areas. Nanjing Yuhuatai output of stone is an agate. Agate ancient legend is made of the so-called ghost blood clot, it is only legend.
Agate as lines with beautiful ornaments used by people since ancient times. Unearthed jade, it is common clusters of agate beads, with pendant as much.
Chinese ancient books written about a lot of agate. Han previous histories, agate known as "King Jade" or "red jade." "Guang Ya" with "agate stone plays Jade" and "Yu-Chi's first King," said. The phrase comes from the Buddhist agate. Sanskrit name, the, meaning "agate", can be seen after the introduction of Buddhism inChina gemstone wholesaler, Joan Joan of jade, or red only in our country was renamed "agate."
Apart from a small mineral composition of agate chalcedony, sometimes also see a small amount of opal or aphanitic particulate quartz. Strictly speaking, there is no pattern with a pattern of characteristics, Dyed Stone gemstonecan not be said agate, chalcedony can only be said. The market today with a pattern with no pattern of chalcedony is also known as "agate", meaning that the same ancient agate is inconsistent. Pure Agate who is white, which with the other metal elements (such as Fe, Ni, etc.) appear gray, brown, red, blue, green, green, Fenlv, black and other colors, sometimes with several colors mixed or white appear. Agate block a transparent, translucent and opaque glass gloss to waxy luster. Hardness of 6.5 to 7, the proportion of 2.65.
Agate pattern with pattern according to the thickness and shape of points there are many varieties. Pattern with was "onyx" like those known as "Onyx", which are most valuable with red lines, known as the "red onyx." Glass gemstoneThere are also "banded agate," "Walled City agate", "Tan agate," "moss agate", "Jin red agate," "zygote agate," "sauce spot agate," "cypress agate", "Qu significantly less than agate, "" Water gall agate "and other varieties (see Li's" Compendium of Materia Medica ").
In the absence of lines with a pattern of "chalcedony", there are also many jade material. According to the different colors, the "red chalcedony," "green chalcedony" (also known as the British card stone), "light green chalcedony," "Blood chalcedony" (also known as blood stone) and "jasper" and so on.
Agate is the same as traditional Chinese nephrite jade. Yin and Yang camps in the north of Nanjing unearthed the ruins of jade agate cups and agate beads alone. In a large number of agate beads, there is one for evil-like, 1.7 cm long. Gansu Great Ho Chuang Yongjing Qijia cultural sites, Shandong Junan big stores in the Spring and Autumn and the tomb of the Eastern Jin tomb in Nanjing Xiangshan medium, also have found agate beads.
Ancient agate both from the Western Regions, India, Persia, Hong, Japan and other countries of the tribute, but also self-produced domestic places. Such as Fuyu and pour Lou Northeast, Seven-color Gemstonewhere the former governing this Siping City, Jilin; the latter nation were living in the north of Changbai Mountain, the Songhua River, Heilongjiang River, where since ancient times to the "Akaishi" share name (see "Biography of the Later Han Dong Yi "). In addition Weizhou (now Yuxian) 9 empty mountains and Vision House (Xuanhua), corners Hill (see "Heavenly Creations"), Gansu and Ningxia area (see "Museum to view"), Yan'an, Shaanxi government Shenmu and Fugu region (see "broad public opinion in mind"), gemstone supplier Yu Chau Chi Ling town (see "History of Song"), Bobai County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (see "Bobai County"), Nanjing Yuhuatai (see "curios continued examination"), etc., agate all births. Current geological workers in the northwest, north, northeast and southwest and south China in many regions of origin proved agate. All times, because the number of agate origin, so identification of the source material unearthed jade agate is not then easy. Such as the famous Tang Dynasty bronzes agate cup, the jade materials from the confused.
Agate type more, there are mountain agate, onyx water, it also has many kinds of color, the inside is red and the most precious.
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