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Beautiful Chinese Cloisonne
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As Cloisonne enameling developed in the areas surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. In Northern Europe they were developing their own technique of enameling. The technique used in Northern Europe was called Champleve enameling. This technique is considered to be the exact opposite of cloisonne enameling. The technique that was developed in Northern Europe created channels that were cast out or gouged from the actual metal base. These channels were then coated with the glass enamel.
In Champleve enameling the most commonly used bases were bronze or copper. The reason for this is that this technique requires a thicker backing material that can be cut into and cast away. Once the pieces were finished they were sometimes gilded to give the impression of a gold finish. There were several key pieces of this sort of enameling that were found through history. One of the most significant pieces was a Birdlip mirror. It was found in England near Gloucester in 50AD. This sort of enameling was commonplace in Northern Europe until the twelfth century.
However, towards the 11th century, this technique of enameling on copper started to appear in various countries. It also continued to be produced on a commercial scale and the interest in this technique started to slow down in the 14th century. One of the reasons that Champleve enameling was so popular was due to it giving a greater freedom to the artist when it came to design. The figures that were created in cloisonne were very formal and rigid. The colors of cloisonne were also rumored to lose their colour after the fire burning process.
Because the enamels for Champleve were scarce there were three main regions which actually created the enamel. These towns were Rhine, Meuse and Limoges in Spain. The Lorraine enamel was known from a fairly early date due to the fact that Abbot Suger asked these artists to create a large cross in the honor of the Abbot's Patron Saint. The Meuse enamels were extremely high quality and were in big demand in many different regions.
Yet, as with everything, when they started mass producing the Champleve pieces there was a sudden decrease in the demand for the actual products. By that time the technique had spread around other European countries and there was a greater variety of design.
These pieces can be bought today as antiques (that come for quite a high value) or modern Champleve pieces that have been created by modern-day artists. Regardless of the time when these pieces were made Champleve enameled pieces are strikingly beautiful and are highly sought after by refined art lovers.
For more information about enameling or even Chinese lacquer or Chinese vases visit your online oriental arts gift shop via the link.
How to Make Cloisonne?
The art of cloisonne has been listed in the national non-material cultural heritage list in China. It has deep culture and really belongs to the high point in art world. Besides, this kind of treasure art has complex processes which also need high skills so that people like to say cloisonne is the wisdom of ancient people. From the technique points, if people want to make exquisite cloisonne, it should experience the following steps: First, cut the red copper into different shapes in accordance with the requirements of drawings, and beat these variety base shapes with hammer, then link them together. After the high temperature's soldering, the copper base for cloisonne is ok. Second, to pinch or break the flattened and thin red copper wire into all kinds of beautiful patterns with clamp, such as flowers, figures, animals or others; then use the Baiji (a plant which can be made into glue) or the adhesion to adhere these wire to the copper base; next to screen the better solder powder on it. Third, weld these wire patterns firmly on the copper base at 900 degree high temperature. Forth, enamel is opaque or translucent material with the melting of glass powder, boric acid salt, etc., goods. In addition, it will become different color enamels when coupled with different oxide metals. After the enamel is cold, it will change into solid. Therefore, it should be grinded into fine powder before filled in those patterns and mixed with water to reconcile. Then fill them in the wire gap base on the wire outline. Fifth, after filled these colors, people should roast the products at 800 - 1000 degree. As for the enamel will be reduced 1/3 compared with the original one during this time, hence, it needs to repeatedly filled the same enamel color for avoiding the uneven surface. Sixth, after fifth step, the product should be put into water, and polished it with coarse gravel, yellow stone, charcoal or others. Seventh, put the cloisonne which has already been polished after acid washed and clean into gold liquid vessel. With the electronic method, let the gold attach on the parts of copper base which were not filled enamel colors in the former processes. The purpose is not only to forbid the metal base to rust but to increase bright and dainty feeling on cloisonne. At last, wash it with clear water. Therefore, a good and beautiful cloisonne comes out. Maybe it will not look as well as the professional one at first time, but practice make perfect! This is an interesting art that good for us to learn.
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